A Philosophy of Software Design
citation
Ousterhout, John K. A Philosophy of Software Design. , 2018. Digital Print.
big ideas
This book was so thoughtful that it even included Summary of Design Principles and Summary of Red Flags sections at the end:
summary of design principles
Here are the most important software design principles discussed in this book:
- Complexity is incremental: you have to sweat the small stuff (see p.11).
- Working code isn't enough (see p.14).
- Make continual small investments to improve system design (see p.15).
- Modules should be deep (see p.22).
- Interfaces should be designed to make the most common usage as simple as possible (see p.27).
- It's more important for a module to have a simple interface than a simple implementation (see pp.55, 71).
- General-purpose modules are deeper (see p.39).
- Separate general-purpose and special-purpose code (see p.62).
- Different layers should have different abstractions (see p.45).
- Pull complexity downward (see p.55).
- Define errors (and special cases) out of existence (see p.79).
- Design it twice (see p. 91).
- Comments should describe things that are not obvious from the code (see p.101).
- Software should be designed for ease of reading, not ease of writing (see p.149).
- The increments of software development should be abstractions, not features (see p.154).
summary of red flags
Here are a few of the most important red flags discussed in this book. The presence of any of these symptoms in a system suggests that there is a problem with the system's design:
- Shallow Module: the interface for a class or method isn't much simpler than its implementation (see pp.25, 110).
- Information Leakage: a design decision is reflected in multiple modules (see p.31).
- Temporal Decompisition: the code structure is based on the order in which operations are executed, not on information hiding (see p.32).
- Overexposure: An API forces callers to be aware of rarely used features in order to use commonly used features (see p.36).
- Pass-Through Method: a method does almost nothing except pass its arguments to another method with a similar signature (see p.46).
- Repetition: a nontrivial piece of code is repeated over and over (see p.62).
- Special-General Mixture: special-purpose code is not cleanly separated from general purpose code (see p.65).
- Conjoined Methods: two methods have so many dependencies that its hard to understand the implementation of one without understanding the implementation of the other (see p.72).
- Comment Repeats Code: all of the information in a comment is immediately obvious from the code next to the comment (see p.104).
- Implementation Documentation Contaminates Interface: an interface comment describes implementation details not needed by users of the thing being documented (see p.114).
- Vague Name: the name of a variable or method is so imprecise that it doesn't convey much useful information (see p.123).
- Hard to Pick Name: it is difficult to come up with a precise and intuitive name for an entity (see p.125).
- Hard to Describe: in order to be complete, the documentation for a variable or method must be long (see p.131).
- Nonobvious Code: the behavior or meaning of a piece of code cannot be understood easily. (see p.148).
Citation
Ousterhout, John K.. A Philosophy of Software Design. 2018. digital.